Journal: ACS Omega
Article Title: Protection against Polymicrobial Sepsis by Chitin Oligomers is Fine-Tuned by N ‑Acetyl‑ d ‑Glucosamine Residues
doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c05936
Figure Lengend Snippet: Purified N -acetyl chito-polysaccharides of different chain lengths are qualitatively different in terms of TLR usage for cellular activation. ( A , B , and C) . The effects of GA132 and purified 6-mer, 7-mer, and 8-mer oligomers on different TLRs was studied using HEK-Blue TLR reporter cells. 2 × 10 4 HEK-Blue TLR2 (A), TLR3 (B), and TLR4 (C) reporter cells were seeded in 96-well plates and treated with 50 μg/mL of the sample. Absorbance at 620 nm was measured 16 h poststimulation. The data represent the mean with SD from biological triplicates from one of the multiple experimental sets. PAM3CSK, Poly:IC, and LPS were used as positive controls in TLR2, TLR3, and TLR4 assays, respectively. ( D) The effect of 6-mer, 7-mer, and 8-mer purified oligomers was studied on THP-1 cells. 1 × 10 6 cells were seeded in a 24-well plate and treated with 100 μg/mL of oligomers. The culture supernatants were collected, and levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and MCP-1 were determined using a Bio-Plex assay. The data represent the mean with SD from three independent biological replicates.
Article Snippet: 2 × 10 4 HEK-Blue reporter cells were seeded in each well of a 96-well plate in HEK-Blue detection media (InvivoGen, Cat. no. #hb-det3) along with 50 μg/mL of the chito-oligomers.
Techniques: Purification, Activation Assay, Plex Assay